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Metal additive manufacturing offers unprecedented design freedom, but raw 3D printed parts often fall short of production requirements. The layer-by-layer building process inherently creates surface irregularities, support structure attachment points, and internal stress concentrations that compromise both aesthetics and functional performance. Without proper finishing, even the most sophisticated AM parts can suffer from premature failure,…

Surface finishing of orthopedic implants represents one of the most critical manufacturing processes in medical device production, where micron-level precision directly impacts patient outcomes. With surface roughness values typically targeted between 0.1–1.0 µm Ra, manufacturers must balance competing biological requirements: sufficient texture for osseointegration while maintaining a finish that keeps bacteria at bay and optimizes…

Engine builders seeking an edge in performance often turn to intake manifold polishing, but the process involves far more technical nuance than meets the eye. While the mirror-like finish might look impressive, the actual performance gains depend critically on proper technique, material considerations, and application context – factors that separates effective optimization from merely cosmetic…